FERROUS METALS
FERROUS METALS
UKRAINE
Production
In January-May 2001 Ukraine produced some 11,082,000 tonnes
of iron, 13,861,000 tonnes of steel, and 12,208,000 tonnes of rolled metal. Iron output
was up 6%, steel output – up 10%, and rolled metal – up 13% as compared to the
respective period of 2000.
Ukraine’s output of iron, steel and rolled metal in the
first five months of 2000 and 2001 is shown in table 1.
As compared to the first quarter of 2000, in the respective
period of 2001, production of steel and rolled metal increased practically at all
metallurgic mills of Ukraine. The highest rates of growth were registered at Makeyevka
Iron & Steel Works, where iron output surged 26% up to 430,000 tonnes, steel output
– 27% to 566,000 tonnes, and rolled metal output – 36% to 523,000 tonnes.
Despite insignificant decrease in iron production (by 3.7%
down to 2,461,000 tonnes) at Krivorozhstal Iron & Steel Works, rates of growth of
steel and rolled metal output were up 15% (to 2,793,000 tonnes) and 16.7% (to 2,402,000
tonnes) respectively.
Ilyich Iron & Steel Works also reported good
performance in the period under review. Growth in production of iron, steel and rolled
metal amounted to 11.7% (1,998,000 tonnes), 8% (2,465,000 tonnes) and 4.4% (2,072,000
tonnes) respectively.
According to the performance data, Krivorozhstal Iron &
Steel Works is the largest Ukrainian producer of iron, steel and rolled metal. The share
of iron, steel and rolled metal produced by this mill in the total metal products output
in Ukraine accounts for 22.2%, 20.1% and 19.6% respectively.
The data on production of iron, steel and rolled metal by
Ukrainian metallurgic mills in the first quarter of 2000 and 2001 are presented in table
2.
Export
Over the first five months of 2001, Ukraine exported some
12,328,000 tonnes of metal products worth USD 2,048,000,000, which is 4.9% up in terms of
physical volume and 10.5% up in terms of export revenues against the respective 2000’
figures.
Regional distribution of Ukrainian exports in the period
under review did not change as compared to April. Semis (square billets, slabs and round
billets) remained the main article of Ukraine’s export of metal products, and accounted
for 29.4% or 3,628,000 tonnes. The price for Ukraine-made square billets totaled USD/mt
140-145 FOB, and that for slabs – USD/mt 145-150 FOB.
Raw materials occupy a significant place in Ukrainian
exports of metal products. Thus, the country exported some 2,004,000 tonnes of metal
scrap, 379,000 tonnes of iron and 385,000 tonnes of ferroalloys. Exports of metal scrap
and ferroalloys increased by 13.6% and 23.9% respectively, whereas iron exports fell by
47%.
In the period under review, exports of flat metal
increased, even in spite of decrease in CR flat metal supplies – by 4.2% (527,000
tonnes). Ukraine exported some 2,402,000 tonnes of HR flat metal (15.4% up), and some
171,000 tonnes of other flat metal, mainly galvanized (2.03 times up). HR plates were sold
at some USD/mt 175-180 FOB, whereas CR flat metal – at USD/mt 220-250 FOB.
In January-May 2001 exports of rebars rose by 37.4% (up to
1,528,000 tonnes), bars – by 50.4% (to 386,000 tonnes), and rolled alloy steel – by
3.5% (to 218,000 tonnes).
The data on exports of metal products from Ukraine in the
first five months of 2000 and 2001 are shown in table 3.
REGIONAL EXPORT DISTRIBUTION
By-region distribution of Ukrainian exports of metal
products in the first five months of 2001 was the following.
The major exporters of Ukrainian metal products still
remained the countries of South-East Asia (31.7% or 3,904,000 tonnes) and Middle East
(27.6% or 3,399,000 tonnes). As compared to the respective last year’s period, supplies
to these regions increased by 15% in terms of physical volumes and by 28-33% in terms of
export revenues.
CIS countries rank the third in terms of consumption of
Ukraine-made metal products, and account for 10.3% (1,268,000 tonnes) in terms of physical
exports and 16.1% (USD 329,000,000) in terms of currency earnings. Exports to these
countries in the period under review were 59.9% up in terms of physical volume, and 53.1%
up in terms of export revenues against the respective figures of 2000.
EU and Eastern Europe each accounts for 8.3% of the total
Ukrainian export of metal products in terms of volume. In the period under review, these
regions imported respectively 1,027,000 tonnes and 1,026,000 tonnes of metal products from
Ukraine. Supplies to the EU member states increased by 9.7%, whereas export to Eastern
European countries plunged 19%.
When analyzing the statistical data, it worth mentioning
that African market is one of the promising markets for exports of Ukrainian metal
products. In January-May 2001, Ukraine supplied to this market some 656,000 tonnes of
metal products worth USD 1,294,000, which is 15% up in terms of physical volume and 28.8%
up in terms of export revenues against the respective figures in the year 2000.
The general data on geographical distribution of
Ukraine’s export of metal products are presented in table 4.
Now let’s proceed with more detailed analysis of the main
Ukraine’s export markets.
USA
Conventionally, US market is on of the most attractive
markets for the world exporters, and Ukrainian exporters constitute no exception to this
rule. However, according to statistical data for the first five months of 2001, US market
is practically lost for Ukrainian manufacturers and traders.
Over the period under review, Ukraine exported to the USA
some 195,000 tonnes of metal products worth USD 36,800,000, which is 85% down in terms of
physical volume, and 82% down in terms of export revenues as compared to the respective
period of the year 2000. All export articles reported a decrease in volumes of supplies.
The main export articles this year were wire rod (40% or
78,200 tonnes), semis (18.5% or 36,200 tonnes), and iron (22.2% or 43,300 tonnes).
Supplies of flat metal accounted for 7.1% (13,800 tonnes), and those of ferroalloys –
for 2.8% (5,500 tonnes).
EU
In January-May 2001, Ukraine exported some 1,026,000 tonnes
of metal products worth USD 174,000,000 to the EU. This is 9.7% up in terms of physical
exports and 4.2% up in terms of export revenues against the respective 2000’ figures.
The main articles exported to this market were semis (41%
or 421,000 tonnes), metal scrap (17% or 178,000 tonnes), and iron (17.7% or 181,000
tonnes). It is notable that iron exports reported a threefold increase, whereas metal
scrap supplies plunged 33%, and semis exports did not change a lot (increased by 1.3%).
HR flat metal can also be mentioned as a conventional
article of Ukraine’s export to this market. Over the period under review Ukraine
exported some 93,000 tonnes of the commodity.
China
Unfavorable situation at this market forced Ukrainian
exporters to cut supplies. In the period under review, Ukraine exported to China some
1,481,000 tonnes of metal products worth USD 222,200,000, which is 5.2% up in terms of
physical volume against the respective figure of 2000.
The main Ukraine’s export articles supplied to this
markets were square billets (63% or 936,000 tonnes), HR flat metal (20% or 305,000
tonnes), CR flat metal (15% or 224,000 tonnes), and iron (1% or 15,200 tonnes). Increase
in total export of metal products to the Chinese market occurred mainly on account of
growth in exports of semis (13% up against the respective last year’s figure), and HR
flat metal (27% up).
Turkey
Turkish market for a long time has been one of the main
world sales markets for Ukrainian metal products. Over the first five months of 2001,
Ukraine exported to Turkey some 1,353,000 tonnes of metal products worth USD 136,000,000,
which is 24% down in terms of physical volume and 30% down in terms of export revenues as
compared to the respective period of the last year.
In the period under review, the main export articles were
ferrous metal scrap and waste (68.5% or 972,000 tonnes), HR flat metal (13.3% or 180,000
tonnes) and semis (7.2% or 97,000 tonnes).
Russia
High demand on this market allowed Ukrainian exporters to
boost supplies. Starting from the beginning of the year 2001, Ukraine exported to Russia
some 905,000 tonnes of metal products worth USD 273,000,000, which is over 70% up in terms
of physical volume and 60% up in terms of export revenues against the respective figures
in the year 2000.
A considerable increase was registered in supplies of HR
flat metal – by 2.3 times (up to 195,000 tonnes against 85,000 tonnes in the respective
period of the last year) and bars – by 2.2 times (from 79,000 tonnes to 177,000 tonnes).
Supplies of the following products also increased: rebars – by 62%, wire rod – by 12%,
and CR flat metal – by 48%.
EXPORT 2000
(Statistical analysis and conclusion)
Rolled alloy steel
Rolled alloy steel reports higher qualitative and
technological characteristics as compared to the rolled carbon steel. That is why it is in
quite high demand not only in Ukraine, but also in other countries. In 2000 Ukraine
exported some 526,000 tonnes of rolled alloy steel. Exports of the commodity accounts for
2% in the total Ukrainian exports of rolled metal.
Alloy steel bars and sections
This commodity group includes rolled metal manufactured
mainly from low alloy steel such as manganese steel, silicon steel, etc. It is worth
mentioning that mainly round bars, angles and channels were exported.
At the beginning of the year, fluctuations of export
volumes of these metal products took place due to decrease in prices on the world market.
Starting from the second quarter of 2000, the prices stabilized, as well as volumes of
export supplies, and, till the end of the year, exports were steady. In 2000 Ukraine
exported some 128,000 tonnes of these commodities.
Dynamics of Ukrainian exports and export prices for alloy
steel bars and shapes is presented on figure 1 and in table 5.
As well as most other marketable Ukrainian metal products,
the aforementioned commodities were exported mainly by the following metallurgic mills:
PbJSC DneproSpetsStal (54% or 73,000 tonnes), Industrial Union of Donbass Corp (10% or
13,000 tonnes), PbJSC Donetsk Metallurgic Works (8.2% or 10,500 tonnes), PbJSC Azovstal
Iron & Steel Works (8% or 10,300 tonnes), and PbJSC Petrovskiy Metallurgic Works of
Dnepropetrovsk (5% or 7,000 tonnes).
Geographical distribution of exports of these metal
products was the following: Russia – 54%, USA – 24%, Germany – 10%, Romania – 5%,
and Belarus – 4%.
Flat alloy steel
These metal products (mainly sheets of low alloy steels
09G2S or analogues) are also among the marketable commodities of Ukrainian exports. It is
worth mentioning that the products are in demand at “expensive” markets – USA and
EU.
In the first quarter of 2000, export of these commodities
was insignificant, though a tendency to increase could be observed, while the prices went
up. In the middle of the second quarter, export supplies reached their maximum. However,
due to a seasonal factor, price started to go down, which caused exports to reduce. In the
third quarter the situation repeated itself once again – increase in prices stimulated
exports. In the fourth quarter the next slowdown in exports was registered, which was
called forth by reduction in prices.
Dynamics of Ukrainian exports and export prices for flat
alloy steel is shown on figure 2 and in table 6.
In 2000 the following companies exported flat alloy steel
from Ukraine: PbJSC Donetsk Metallurgic Works (30% or 46,000 tonnes), PbJSC Azovstal Iron
& Steel Works (21% or 33,000 tonnes), Industrial Union of Donbass Corp (18% or 28,000
tonnes), PbJSC Ilyich Iron and Steel Works (6% or 11,500 tonnes), and PbJSC Alchevsk Iron
& Steel Works (3% or 4,600 tonnes).
The main countries importing the commodity were Russia
(63%), Belarus (17%), Italy (6%), USA (3%) and Taiwan (2%).
MARKET SITUATION IN 2001
Billets
In June 2001 there was registered a decline in business
activity on the world market for semis.
Excessive exports of Russian and Ukrainian billets in June
resulted in high competition on the market, and, consequently, did not contribute to the
expected rise in prices. In the period under review, Ukraine-made square billets were
exported at USD/mt 150-155 FOB Black Sea ports.
Along with that, prices on the market of South-East Asia
also went down. According to Metals Worlds, this was connected with low demand for long
rolled metal manufactured from billets. The agency considers that demand for rebars and
wire rod in the region will remain low till the end of the year, which won’t contribute
to the rise in prices for billets either. In June square billets were offered on the
market at USD/mt 177-185 C&F.
Prices set by West European manufacturers also remain
steady. EU-made billets are not exported and are supplied to domestic producers.
Nonetheless, high quality square billets may be purchased at main West European ports at
some USD/mt 170-180 FOB.
Owing to orders for purchase of billets by European and
Turkish manufacturers of long rolled metal, prices by Brazilian exporters also remained
steady in June, and totaled USD/mt 160-180 FOB. At the same time, export prices for
Turkish square billets amounted to USD/mt 165-175 FOB.
The world prices for billets are presented in table 7.
Long rolled metal (rebars and wire rod)
In the recent months, the world market for long rolled
metal somewhat stabilized. According to Metal Bulletin & Steel Track and Newsteel, the
reason for that was influence of a seasonal factor in construction sector. In many regions
of the world construction works are on the uptick in spite of the state of economic
development. This, in turn, led to increase in demand for rebars and wire rod. However,
considerable increase was registered in neither of the “construction” regions.
In June 2001 export prices by Ukrainian and Russian
manufacturers remained stable. Ukraine-made rebars were in good demand in the Middle East.
Export prices for the commodities shipped to this region totaled USD/mt 185-195 FOB for
rebars and USD/mt 175-195 FOB for wire rod. Big volumes of rebars and wire rod were also
supplied to Eastern Europe (at some USD/mt 170-180 DAF), and CIS countries (at USD/mt
180-200 DAF).
Strong competition on international markets with quite high
demand for the commodity on the domestic market made exports of rebars and wire rod from
EU unattractive. For that reason, exports of rebars reduced, though prices remained at the
level of USD/mt 215-260 FOB. At the same time, prices for wire rod reported an
insignificant increase in June and totaled USD/mt 185-200 FOB.
Slowdown in construction sector in Asian region does not
allow local manufacturers and exporters of rebars and wire rod to count on the forecasted
earlier rise in prices. Besides, devaluation of the currencies in this region affects the
prices and causes them to decrease. Thus, prices went down in almost all countries of the
region, except for Taiwanese market, where, despite poor demand, prices still remain at
May level and total NT$/mt 200-210.
In June, measures aimed at limiting imports (launching
antidumping inquiries against a number of countries) and seasonal high activity in the
construction segment of the market stabilized prices for long rolled metal at the US
market – USD/mt 260-270 CIF (for rebars) and USD/mt 250-260 (for wire rod).
The most favorable situation has been observed at the
Turkish market. High “seasonal” demand on the domestic market has a positive influence
on prices. Therefore, prices for rebars and wire rod on this market are ones of the
highest in the region and total USD/mt 205-220 FOB.
World prices for rebars are presented in table 8.
World prices for wire rod are shown in table 9.
HR plates
World prices for plates did not change in the period under
review. However, there were positive tendencies registered at many regional markets.
A number of American metallurgic companies (Ipsco Inc,
Nusor Corp, US Steel and other) announced their decision to raise prices for HR plates
from July 1, 2001. This became possible due to cutback in manufacture of the product in
the first and second quarters of 2001 (down by 12%), as well as to further stiffening of
control over import supplies. In May-June of the current year, plates were imported to the
USA at USD/mt 320-340 CIF.
Export prices for HR plates by West European manufacturers
also remained unchanged in the period under review – USD/mt 290-310 FOB. Due to
unfavorable tendency on international markets, foreign buyers tried to cut the prices.
However, EU domestic market is quite strong, and many exporters refused to do “cheap”
exports, since they considered supplies to EU domestic consumers at USD/mt 360-380 (with
delivery) to be more profitable.
In the period under review, Ukraine-made HR plates were
exported at USD/mt 170-190 FOB. The main buyers of Ukrainian commodity remained the
countries of South-East Asia and Middle East. Since this export article is fully
dependable upon international markets, Ukrainian exporters have nothing to do but to agree
to the offered prices.
Russian manufacturers and traders found themselves in the
same situation. However, unlike Ukrainian metal products, Russian rolled metal is of a
higher quality, and that is why the prices differ – USD/mt 175-210 FOB.
World prices for HR plates are presented in table 10.
HR coils
Many experts characterize the present situation on the
world market for HR coils as indefinite. Besides, some slowdown in business activity is
forecasted for many regions of the world.
Manufacturers and exporters of HR coils report that at
present export prices for the commodity stabilized at USD/mt 150-190 FOB. In spite of
this, many traders doubt that in the third quarter the prices will go up as it has been
forecasted. According to them, this is unlikely due to low demand on the Chinese market
and difficulties in obtaining and renewal of import licenses. High competition on the
world market, which has been caused by redistribution of supplies, also negatively affects
the prices.
Business activity on the West European market for coils was
quite low in the first month of summer. Price level existing earlier was retained only due
to cutback in production and stocks. In June HR coils were sold at USD/mt 200-240 FOB.
According to Metal Bulletin and World Metal, demand for
coils on the markets of South-East Asia remains low. However, output of the product by the
major metallurgic mills of the region is still high.
Plunge in consumption of flat metal by the countries of
South-East Asia occurred due to high dependency of the local companies upon US and
Japanese markets, which reported a recession in the recent months. According to traders,
the market is congested with coils, therefore no rise in prices will occur in the near
future.
In June Ukrainian and Russian HR coils were offered at this
market at USD/mt 180-190 C&F, whereas the products from Japan – at USD/mt 200-210
FOB. According to TEX Report, South Korean consumers buy HR coils at USD/mt 200-205.
American market for flat metal started to recover. Cutback
in production by a number of metallurgical mills and reduction in stocks balanced the
market a bit. Besides to that, considerable decrease in imports played the most important
role in recovery of the market. In June prices for HR coils totaled USD/mt 250-260 CIF.
Upon registering these favorable tendencies, some American
companies such as Steel Dynamics Inc, Bethlehem Steel, and US Steel announced that they
plan to raise sales prices by USD/mt 10-20 on the average. Market reviewers consider that
they will succeed in doing so.
Brazilian manufacturers of coils cut export prices in the
period under review. The threat of sanctions that could be imposed on their commodities on
the US and EU markets, low prices and high competition on the market of South-East Asia
did not leave them another choice. In order to retain their positions on these markets
they offered HR coils at USD/mt 200-210 FOB.
Turkish market is the most favorable one both in terms of
demand and prices. For a few consecutive months seasonal growth of domestic consumption
stimulates the price increase in the country. According to experts, unfavorable situation
on the international markets is the only reason that holds prices back. In the period
under review, HR coils were offered on the Turkish market at USD/mt 200-210 FOB.
Prices of the world market for HR coils are shown in table
11.
Table 1. Ukraine’s production of iron, steel and
rolled metal in the first five months of 2000 and 2001, ‘000 tonnes
| Commodity | 5 months of 2000 | 5 months of 2001 | 2001/2000 ratio, % |
| Iron | 10,497 | 11,082 | +6 |
| Steel | 12,577 | 13,861 | +10 |
| Finished rolled metal | 10,766 | 12,208 | +13 |
Table 2. Production of iron, steel and rolled metal
by Ukrainian metallurgic mills in the first five months of 2000 and 2001, ‘000 tonnes
| Commodity |
Iron |
Steel |
Finished |
||||||
| Mill | 5 months of 2000 | 5 months of 2001 | Ratio, % | 5 months of 2000 | 5 months of 2001 | Ratio, % | 5 months of 2000 | 5 months of 2001 | Ratio, % |
| Makeyevka Iron & Steel Works (ISW) | 316 | 430 | +26.5 | 413 | 566 | +27 | 336 | 529 | +36.5 |
| Yenakievo ISW | 734 | 785 | +6.5 | 825 | 840 | +1.8 | 777 | 978 | +20.6 |
| Azovstal ISW | 1,397 | 1,455 | +4 | 1,756 | 1,845 | +4.8 | 1,570 | 1,687 | +6.9 |
| Ilyich ISW | 1,765 | 1,998 | +11.7 | 2,269 | 2,465 | +8 | 1,980 | 2,072 | +4.4 |
| Donetsk Metallurgic Works (MW) | 190 | 178 | -6.7 | 460 | 478 | +3.8 | 354 | 441 | +19.7 |
| Donetsk Metal Rolling Works | 27 | 56 | +51.8 | ||||||
| Kramatorsk ISW | 45 | 41 | -9.8 | 15 | 0.1 | 0 | 9 | 6 | -50 |
| Constantinovka MW | 57 | 15 | -280 | 4 | 4 | 0 | |||
| Alchevsk ISW | 845 | 610 | -38.5 | 1,156 | 1,150 | -0.5 | 957 | 932 | -2.7 |
| Krivorozhstal | 2,544 | 2,461 | -3.4 | 2,373 | 2,793 | +15 | 2,002 | 2,402 | +16.7 |
| Dzerzhinsky ISW | 907 | 993 | +8.7 | 947 | 1,072 | +11.7 | 855 | 932 | +8.3 |
| Petrovsky ISW | 499 | 592 | +15.7 | 360 | 512 | +29.7 | 319 | 470 | +32.1 |
| DneproSpetsStal | 201 | 196 | -2.6 | 120 | 117 | -2.6 | |||
| Zaporozhstal | 1,198 | 1,323 | +9.4 | 1,568 | 1,693 | +7.4 | 1,285 | 1,411 | +8.9 |
| K. Liebknecht MW | 234 | 252 | +7.1 | 173 | 172 | -0.6 | |||
| TOTAL | 10,497 | 11,082 | +6 | 12,577 | 13,861 | +10 | 10,766 | 12,208 | +13 |
Table 3. Export of metal products from Ukraine
| Commodity | 5 months of 2000,
‘000 tonnes |
5 months of 2001,
‘000 tonnes |
% in total turnover | 2001/2000, % |
| Long rolled metal | 1,790 | 2,157 | 17.5 | 120.5 |
| Flat metal | 2,717 | 3,101 | 25.2 | 114.1 |
| Bars | 257 | 387 | 3.1 | 150.4 |
| Semis | 3,918 | 3,628 | 29.4 | 92.6 |
| Raw materials | 2,779.5 | 2,768.4 | 22.5 | 99.6 |
| Other metal products | 290 | 286 | 2.3 | 98.6 |
| TOTAL | 11,752 | 12,328 | 100 | 104.9 |
Table 4. Distribution of Ukrainian metal exports by
regions of the world
| Region | 5 months of 2000,
‘000 tonnes |
5 months of 2001,
‘000 tonnes |
% in total turnover | 2001/2000, % |
| Southeast Asia | 3,385 | 3,905 | 31.7 | 115.3 |
| Middle East | 2,938 | 3,400 | 27.6 | 115.7 |
| CIS | 793 | 1,269 | 10.3 | 159.9 |
| Eastern Europe | 1,259 | 1,027 | 8.3 | 81.6 |
| EU | 935 | 1,026 | 8.3 | 109.7 |
| Other | 2,441 | 1,702 | 13.73 | 69.7 |
| TOTAL | 11,752 | 12,328 | 100 | 104.9 |
Table 5. Average export prices for Ukrainian alloy
steel bars and sections in 2000, USD/mt
| Delivery terms | Average price |
| CPT Ukrainian ports | 440 |
| DAF Ukrainian frontier | 320 |
| FCA Ukrainian ports | 435 |
| FOB Ukrainian ports | 500 |
| FAS Ukrainian ports | 345 |
Table 6. Average export prices for Ukrainian flat
alloy steel in 2000, USD/mt
| Delivery terms | Average price |
| CPT Ukrainian ports | 410 |
| DAF Ukrainian frontier | 260 |
| FCA Ukrainian ports | 480 |
| FOB Ukrainian ports | 225 |
Table 7. World prices for billets, USD/mt
| Date | CIS, FOB Black Sea port, export | China, C&F, import | ЕU to third countries, FOB, export | Turkey, FOB, export | Brazil, FOB, export |
| Jan. 01, 2000 | 137-145 | 165-168 | 170-190 | 160-170 | 185-205 |
| Dec. 01, 2000 | 150-160 | 170-180 | 170-180 | 180-200 | 170-190 |
| Jan. 01, 2001 | 150-165 | 175-181 | 170-180 | 170-175 | 170-190 |
| Feb. 01, 2001 | 145-160 | 177-182 | 170-180 | 160-170 | 160-180 |
| Mar. 01, 2001 | 150-160 | 177-182 | 170-180 | 160-170 | 160-180 |
| Apr. 01, 2001 | 152-160 | 178-190 | 170-180 | 163-190 | 160-180 |
| May 01, 2001 | 155-160 | 178-190 | 170-180 | 163-190 | 160-180 |
| June 01, 2001 | 150-160 | 180-190 | 170-180 | 165-175 | 160-180 |
| June 20, 2001 | 150-160 | 177-185 | 170-180 | 165-175 | 160-180 |
Table 8. World prices for rebars, USD/mt
| Date | CIS, FOB Black Sea port, export | China, C&F, import | ЕU to third countries, FOB, export | Brazil, FOB, export | USA, CIF Gulf port, import | Turkey, FOB, export |
| Jan. 01, 2000 | 160-180 | Nom | 210-230 | 215-240 | 230-240 | 190-200 |
| Dec. 01, 2000 | 170-190 | Nom | 220-240 | 195-220 | 200-210 | 210-220 |
| Jan. 01, 2001 | 170-190 | Nom | 220-240 | 190-200 | 195-200 | 210-220 |
| Feb. 01, 2001 | 170-190 | Nom | 220-240 | 190-200 | 220-240 | 205-210 |
| Mar. 01, 2001 | 185-195 | Nom | 220-240 | 190-200 | 230-250 | 205-210 |
| Apr. 01, 2001 | 185-195 | Nom | 220-240 | 195-220 | 260-270 | 205-210 |
| May 01, 2001 | 185-195 | Nom | 220-240 | 190-220 | 260-270 | 205-210 |
| June 01, 2001 | 185-195 | Nom | 220-240 | 180-210 | 255-265 | 200-210 |
| June 20, 2001 | 185-195 | Nom | 215-260 | 180-210 | 260-270 | 200-210 |
Table 9. World prices for wire rod, USD/mt
| Date | CIS, FOB Black Sea port, export | China, C&F, import | ЕU to third countries, FOB, export | Brazil, FOB, export | USA, CIF Gulf port, import | Turkey, FOB, export |
| Jan. 01, 2000 | 165-205 | Nom | 210-220 | 215-225 | 275-295 | 215-220 |
| Dec. 01, 2000 | 175-200 | Nom | 190-200 | 200-235 | 240-260 | 210-220 |
| Jan. 01, 2001 | 170-200 | Nom | 190-200 | 210-230 | 250-260 | 210-225 |
| Feb. 01, 2001 | 170-200 | Nom | 190-195 | 215-230 | 250-260 | 205-215 |
| Mar. 01, 2001 | 175-200 | Nom | 180-195 | 215-230 | 250-260 | 205-215 |
| Apr. 01, 2001 | 175-197 | Nom | 180-195 | 215-230 | 250-260 | 205-215 |
| May 01, 2001 | 175-197 | Nom | 180-195 | 215-230 | 250-260 | 205-215 |
| June 01, 2001 | 175-197 | Nom | 185-195 | 195-220 | 250-260 | 205-215 |
| June 20, 2001 | 175-197 | Nom | 185-200 | 210-225 | 250-260 | 205-215 |
Table 10. World prices for HR plates, USD/mt
| Date | CIS, FOB Black Sea port, export | ЕU to third countries, FOB, export | Brazil, FOB, export | USA, CIF Gulf port, import |
| Jan. 01, 2000 | 180-190 | 350-370 | 300 | 385-405 |
| Dec. 01, 2000 | 190-205 | 350-385 | 290-300 | 340-350 |
| Jan. 01, 2001 | 190-205 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 340-350 |
| Feb. 01, 2001 | 185-195 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 320-340nom |
| Mar. 01, 2001 | 175-205 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 320-340nom |
| Apr. 01, 2001 | 175-205 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 320-340nom |
| May 01, 2001 | 175-205 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 320-340nom |
| June 01, 2001 | 175-210 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 320-340nom |
| June 20, 2001 | 175-210 | 290-310 | 290-300 | 320-340nom |
Table 11. World prices for HR coils, USD/mt
| Date | CIS, FOB Black Sea port, export | China, C&F, import | ЕU to third countries, FOB, export | Brazil, FOB, export | USA, CIF Gulf port, import | Turkey, FOB, export |
| Jan. 01, 2000 | 195-220 | 240-280 | 270-300 | 240-250 | 330-350 | 330 |
| Dec. 01, 2000 | 160-170 | 170-195 | 205-215 | 210-230 | 240-260 | 205-215 |
| Jan. 01, 2001 | 155-170 | 170-195 | 190-220 | 210-230 | 230-260 | 205-215 |
| Feb. 01, 2001 | 140-163 | 170-185 | 190-200 | 210-240 | 230-250 | 200-210 |
| Mar. 01, 2001 | 140-163 | 170-185 | 190-200 | 210-240 | 230-250 | 200-210 |
| Apr. 01, 2001 | 150-180 | 175-190 | 190-200 | 220-245 | 240-245 | 200-210 |
| May 01, 2001 | 160-170 | 175-195 | 200-230 | 220-245 | 240-245 | 200-210 |
| June 01, 2001 | 150-190 | 180-215 | 200-240 | 200-210 | 240-245 | 200-210 |
| June 20, 2001 | 150-190 | 180-190 | 200-240 | 200-210 | 250-260 | 200-210 |
Diagram 1. Dynamics of Ukrainian exports of alloy
steel bars and sections in 2000
Diagram 2. Dynamics of Ukrainian exports of flat
alloy steel in 2000